Operation Just Cause: US Marine Operations in Panama, 1988-1990 - Navy Marines

Description

Operation Just Cause: US Marine Operations in Panama, 1988-1990 - Navy Marines
Operation Just Cause: US Marine Operations in Panama, 1988-1990 - Navy Marines
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Description
"Just Cause: Maine Operations in Panama, 1988-1990"
was a publication of the the
History & Museums Division, US Marine Corps
. It is dated 1996.
This publication
reviews
"Operation Just Cause",
the invasion of Panama by the United States in December 1989.
It occurred during the administration of U.S. President George H. W. Bush and ten years after the Torritos-Carter Treaties were ratified to transfer control of the Panama Canal from the United States to Panama by 1 January 2000. During the invasion,
de facto
Panamanian leader, general, and dictator Manuel Noriega was deposed, president-elect Guillermo Endara sworn into office
, and the
Panamnian Defense Force dissolved dissolved
.
Relationships had soured between the US and Panama with the rise to power of Noriega
, who was later
convicted of trafficking in narcotics
bound for the US, as well as money laundering.
Noriega also was brutal to his people
and was evolving Panama into a police state. The US had always maintained a small military contingent in Panama, and while this was at first reinforced, the threat was too large for the manpower stationed there. An
initial fire fight occurred between the two nations at the Arraijan Tank Farm
, a petroleum reserved located on the west side of the Panama Canal.
Clashes continued for some months
, with no real result.
In December 1989, forces from the Marines, Army, Navy, and Marines invaded
the nation. The justification given by the US was to
protect US citizens
there,
stem drug trafficking
,
defend human rights
violated by Noriega, and
enforce the terms of the Torritos-Carter Treaties
. Military command posts and the airport were quickly seized, as the
Panamanian military was neither large nor effective
.
Noriega was captured
, and
Endara sworn in as President
. The US had 23 deaths during the operations, Panama approximately 500. Noriega was taken to the US for trial, and
US forces remained in Panama another four years to support ht new government
. Following the end of Noriega's prison sentence in the US, he was extradited to Panama for trial and imprisonment in that nation.
This
booklet provides considerable detail on both the political climate and military battles of
"Operation Just Cause".
It is well-illustrated with black-and-white photos and contains some great maps.
Maps include
(a) a
political map of Panama
in 1989; (b) a
map of Balboa Harbo
r, showing the US Rodman Naval Air Station, the Ammunition Supply Point, and the Arraijan Tank Farm; (c)
details of the Arraijan Tank Farm
; (d) the
"Just Cause" Operational Area
; and (e) the
Western Canal Zone
.
This publication contains
50 pages
and measures appx 11 x 8 1/2 inches. The cover is a thick semi-glossy cardstock, and the content pages are a high-quality semi-glossy paperstock. It is
uncirculated, unused and in mint condition
, with no rips, tears, writing, markings, spills or smears, and the binding is secure with all pages firmly in place.
Truly interesting reading the US military effort in Panama - appreciated by any student of the the US Marines.
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